“Adults are able to distinguish between choices and are oftentimes more likely to select the first one. This is called primacy bias,” said the study’s lead author, Emily Sumner, a UCI doctoral candidate in cognitive sciences. “But kids, particularly toddlers under 3, who may not know language as well, demonstrate a recency bias when responding to questions verbally, meaning the last choice presented is more often selected. This area hasn’t been studied in children before, so this is fascinating to pinpoint.”

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