Greater educational opportunities do not necessarily lead to equal opportunities, but little research considers organizational sources of educational inequalities during expansion. Drawing on 2003-2013 panel data for California middle schools, this talk assesses school-level variation in course-taking gaps during the rapid expansion the “Algebra for All” effort. Aggregate trends obscure two organizational influences on inequality: how widely opportunities are provided and how unequally existing opportunities are allocated. Local organizational inequality regimes contribute to maintaining relative social inequalities even as absolute opportunities increase.