Openness as a desirable policy strategy is supported by a great deal of social science. To cite former International Studies Association president Etel Solingen (born Argentine and professor at the University of California, Irvine), an international orientation has positive effects on the general pattern of development. In the medium to long term, countries whose leaders opt for openness become prosperous, peaceful and democratic, while governments that choose to close their states off to the world generate the opposite effect.

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